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PresentationsOn the development of single-industry towns at the mesolevel of the Russian economyCentral Economics and Mathematics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences 2024 – this is the year of completion of the second state program (for 2019-2024) for the development of single-industry towns, i.e. cities and settlements with a single city-forming enterprise, previously large and developing. During its development, the identified shortcomings of the first state program were taken into account [1]. But the principle of state assistance remained unchanged - “Putin classified support for single-industry towns as a long-term government priority” [2]. At CEMI RAS from the very beginning in 1992. The time frame of tasks solved by official employment of the population was taken into account. Research has revealed the need to organize involuntary employment (IE) of workers in enterprises and organizations - at least to preserve the labor reserve for the subsequent development of the economy. VZ developed at different levels of the economy, both with full and part-time employment of hired workers - but, most importantly, while maintaining their previous social rights, which protected the Russian Federation from the development of precariatization phenomena. Crisis of 2008-2011 led to an understanding of the need for industrial protection already at the meso level of the economy, namely in crisis (problematic) single-industry towns and large settlements, where the closure of the only city-forming enterprise meant unemployment, threatening even the existence of the city. As a result, for the conditions of Russia, the EO is assessed positively (as an indicator of the practical effectiveness of employment policy) as a means of preventing mass unemployment, which is unacceptable in the conditions of the Russian Federation, and the phenomena of precariatization of the population; and at the level of mesoeconomics – also as a means of ensuring the integrity and security of the country [3]. When studying employment in crisis single-industry towns, we introduced a new concept of “forced entrepreneur.” Their appearance was encouraged by the authorities, but the scope of their activities was significantly limited. These new private investors, made up of former employees, enjoyed a number of benefits and financial government assistance. Social contracts that appeared later could help options for forced employment, incl. the emergence of forced entrepreneurs, and outside the crisis single-industry towns.
References. 1. Tarasova N.A., Vasilyeva I.A. On state programs for the development of crisis single-industry towns. Collection of reports of participants of the XXI All-Russian Symposium. Moscow, pp.600-602. DOI: 10.34706/978-5-8211-0783-1-s4-53. 2. Azarov D. (2023) Tools for the development of single-industry towns. 09.26.2023. http://www.russmp.ru/stat17-2-4.php 3. Tarasova N.A. (2011) The role of forced employment in Russia during the transition and crisis periods // Power. No. 2. P.92-96.
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